Here is a simulation done by C.Picioreanu on a paper about Modeling and Predicting Biofilm Structuring. The test was to show the changes in species mix as the ammonia and nitrite content is altered in the bulk fluid. The first photo shows the increase in nitrite levels in the bulk fluid shifting the nitrite oxidizers to a higher number and greater distribution.
This simulation shows the more more balanced biofilm when ammonia is high and nitrites are low, in a normal matrix.
A group of Denmark microbiologists did extensive research on biofilm communities. I quote the scientists- " Through complex webs of signal transduction events bacteria sense their environment, and react to a large number of factors by fine tuning expression of a large number of genes in apparently "intelligent" ways." The interplay of many species within the biofilm can determine what we koi hobbyists view as "performance". We can have a highly dominated dual species mix or a complex mix of many species. This confocal micrograph of a biofilm community show it is a home for seven species. The dominating species is pseudomonas. They are represented by the pink color. The other colors are all different species.
JR
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